China AI Regulatory Matrix — English-primary edition for Western readers

Legal hierarchy (top→bottom) × Effective date (left→right)  |  Color = legal tier (赤橙黄绿青蓝紫灰)  ·  Tag = issuing body (English abbrev.; ≤3 listed; >3: lead+N)  ·  Solid card = GB/T · GB standard  ·  Dashed card = TC260 reference framework

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Pre-2020 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Constitution宪法
NPCConstitution of the PRC中华人民共和国宪法adopted Dec 4, 1982; last amended Mar 11, 2018
NPC / NPCSC Laws法律
NPCCopyright Law of the PRC (1991, 2010 Revision)中华人民共和国著作权法（2010年修订）eff. Jun 1, 1991; 2010 rev. eff. Apr 1, 2010
NPC主席令第4号S&T Progress Law of the PRC中华人民共和国科学技术进步法eff. Oct 1, 1993
NPCCriminal Law of the PRC (1997 Revision)中华人民共和国刑法（1997年修订）eff. Oct 1, 1997
NPC主席令第53号Cybersecurity Law of the PRC [amended in 2025; see 2025 Amendment, effective Jan 1, 2026]中华人民共和国网络安全法eff. Jun 1, 2017
NPCE-Commerce Law of the PRC中华人民共和国电子商务法eff. Jan 1, 2019
NPC主席令第45号Civil Code of the PRC中华人民共和国民法典eff. Jan 1, 2021
NPCCopyright Law of the PRC (2020 Amendment)!中华人民共和国著作权法（2020年修正）eff. Jun 1, 2021
NPC主席令第84号Data Security Law of the PRC中华人民共和国数据安全法eff. Sep 1, 2021
NPC主席令第91号Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL)中华人民共和国个人信息保护法eff. Nov 1, 2021
NPC主席令第103号S&T Progress Law (2021 Revision)!中华人民共和国科学技术进步法（2021年修订）eff. Jan 1, 2022
NPCCybersecurity Law of the PRC (2025 Amendment; effective Jan 1, 2026) [❗ amends 2017 original]!中华人民共和国网络安全法（2025年修正）eff. Jan 1, 2026
National-Level Policy & Int'l Initiatives全国性政策与国际倡议CPC CC · SC · CPO+SCO · high political authority
SC国发〔2017〕35号New Generation AI Development Plan新一代人工智能发展规划Jul 20, 2017
NPC14th Five-Year Development Plan and 2035 Long-Range Objectives Outline中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要NPC approved Mar 11, 2021
SC国发〔2021〕29号"14th Five-Year" Digital Economy Development Plan"十四五"数字经济发展规划Dec 12, 2021
CPO+SCOOpinions on Strengthening S&T Ethics Governance关于加强科技伦理治理的意见Mar 20, 2022
MFAChina's Position Paper on Strengthening AI Ethics Governance [updated Jan 2024]中国关于加强人工智能伦理治理的立场文件Nov 2022
CPC CC+SCOverall Layout Plan for Building Digital China数字中国建设整体布局规划Feb 27, 2023
中国政府Global AI Governance Initiative [submitted to UN, A/78/565]全球人工智能治理倡议Oct 18, 2023
MFAChina's Submission to the UN Secretary-General on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems中国就"致命性自主武器系统"问题向联合国秘书长提交的文件May 23, 2024
MFAShanghai Declaration on Global AI Governance [multilateral declaration; World Artificial Intelligence Conference 2024]Shanghai Declaration on Global AI GovernanceJul 4, 2024
中国政府Global AI Governance Action Plan人工智能全球治理行动计划Jul 26, 2025 · 2025 World AI Conference
中国政府China's Initiative on Deepening China-ASEAN Cooperation on Digital Governance中方关于深化中国—东盟数字治理合作的倡议Dec 2025
NPC15th Five-Year Development Plan Outline中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划纲要NPC approved Mar 2026
State Council Regulations行政法规
SC国务院令第292号Measures for Administration of Internet Information Services互联网信息服务管理办法eff. Sep 25, 2000
SC国务院令第745号Regulations on the Security Protection of Critical Information Infrastructure关键信息基础设施安全保护条例eff. Sep 1, 2021
SC国务院令第766号Regulations on Online Protection of Minors未成年人网络保护条例eff. Jan 1, 2024
SC国务院令第790号Regulations on Network Data Security Management网络数据安全管理条例eff. Jan 1, 2025
SC国发〔2025〕11号State Council Opinions on Further Implementing the "AI+" Initiative国务院关于深入实施"人工智能+"行动的意见Aug 21, 2025
SCO国办发〔2025〕37号SC Office Implementation Opinions on Accelerating AI Scenario Cultivation and Large-Scale Application国务院办公厅关于加快场景培育和开放推动新场景大规模应用的实施意见Nov 2025
Departmental Rules部门规章
CAC国家互联网信息办公室令第5号Provisions on Network Information Content Ecosystem Governance网络信息内容生态治理规定eff. Mar 1, 2020
CAC+MIIT+MPSProvisions on Management of Network Product Security Vulnerabilities网络产品安全漏洞管理规定eff. Sep 1, 2021
CAC+4国家互联网信息办公室令第7号Provisions on Auto Data Security Administration (Trial)汽车数据安全管理若干规定（试行）eff. Oct 1, 2021
CAC+12十三部门令第8号Measures for Cybersecurity Review [supersedes 2020 version; covers critical infra procurement and data processing]网络安全审查办法eff. Feb 15, 2022
CAC+3国家互联网信息办公室令第9号Provisions on the Administration of Algorithmic Recommendations in Internet Information Services互联网信息服务算法推荐管理规定eff. Mar 1, 2022
CAC国家互联网信息办公室令第11号Measures for Security Assessment of Data Exports [complemented/partially superseded by Cross-border Data Flow Provisions 2024]数据出境安全评估办法eff. Sep 1, 2022
CAC+MIIT+MPS国家互联网信息办公室令第12号Provisions on the Administration of Deep Synthesis of Internet Information Services互联网信息服务深度合成管理规定eff. Jan 10, 2023
CACMeasures for the Management of Generative AI Services [public consultation draft; precursor to Interim Measures, finalized Aug 2023](征求意见稿)生成式人工智能服务管理办法Apr 11, 2023 · public consultation draft; precursor to 暂行办法
SAMR国家市场监督管理总局令第72号Measures for the Administration of Internet Advertising互联网广告管理办法eff. May 1, 2023
CAC+6国家互联网信息办公室等七部门令第15号Interim Measures for the Management of Generative AI Services [❗ finalized; supersedes public consultation draft]❗生成式人工智能服务管理暂行办法eff. Aug 15, 2023
CAC国家互联网信息办公室令第16号Provisions on Promoting and Regulating Cross-Border Data Flows [complements/partially supersedes Data Export Security Assessment Measures 2022]促进和规范数据跨境流动规定eff. Mar 22, 2024
CAC+3国家互联网信息办公室令第17号Provisions on the Governance of Online Violence Information网络暴力信息治理规定eff. Aug 1, 2024
SAMR国家市场监督管理总局令第91号Interim Provisions on Online Unfair Competition网络反不正当竞争暂行规定eff. Sep 1, 2024
NDRC+MOFCOM国家发展改革委商务部令第23号Special Administrative Measures for Foreign Investment Access – Negative List (2024)外商投资准入特别管理措施（负面清单）（2024年版）eff. Nov 1, 2024
CAC+MPS国家互联网信息办公室令第19号Measures for Security Management of Facial Recognition Technology Applications人脸识别技术应用安全管理办法eff. Jun 1, 2025
CMA+CAC中国气象局令第45号Measures for AI Meteorological Application Services人工智能气象应用服务办法eff. Jun 1, 2025
MPS+5公安部等六部门令第173号Measures for the Administration of National Online Identity Authentication Public Services国家网络身份认证公共服务管理办法eff. Jul 15, 2025
MIIT+10Measures for AI S&T Ethics Management Services (Trial) [public consultation draft; not yet in force](征求意见稿)人工智能科技伦理管理服务办法（试行）consultation Aug 2025
CACInterim Measures for Management of AI Anthropomorphic Interaction Services [public consultation draft; not yet in force](征求意见稿)人工智能拟人化互动服务管理暂行办法consultation Dec 2025
CAC+SAMR国家互联网信息办公室、国家市场监督管理总局令第20号Measures for Personal Information Export Certification个人信息出境认证办法eff. Jan 1, 2026
CNIPA国家知识产权局令第八十四号CNIPA Decision on Amending the Patent Examination Guidelines国家知识产权局关于修改《专利审查指南》的决定eff. Jan 1, 2026
NDRC+MOFCOM国家发展和改革委员会商务部令第37号Catalogue for Encouraging Foreign Investment (2025 Edition)鼓励外商投资产业目录（2025年版）eff. Feb 1, 2026
SAMR+CAC国家市场监督管理总局、国家互联网信息办公室令第117号Measures for Supervision and Administration of Livestream E-Commerce直播电商监督管理办法eff. Feb 1, 2026
Local Legislation & Rules地方性法规与规章* partial list
上海市政府上海市人民政府令第60号Shanghai Measures for the Administration of Testing and Application of Intelligent Connected Vehicles上海市智能网联汽车测试与应用管理办法eff. Feb 15, 2022
上海市人大
★ 全国首部AI省级法规
上海市促进人工智能产业发展条例Shanghai Regulations on Promoting AI Industry Developmenteff. Oct 1, 2022
深圳市人大Regulations of the Shenzhen SEZ on Promoting AI Industry深圳经济特区人工智能产业促进条例eff. Nov 1, 2022
杭州市人大
★ 全国首部具身智能机器人地方法规
杭州市促进具身智能机器人产业发展条例Hangzhou Regulations on Promoting Embodied Intelligence Robot Industry Developmentpassed Dec 29, 2025; pending Zhejiang NPC approval
北京市人大Beijing Regulations on AI Industry Development(planned)北京市人工智能产业发展条例announced Jan 27, 2026; not yet introduced
广东省人大Guangdong Regulations on Promoting AI Industry(disc.)广东省人工智能产业促进条例drafting in progress; timeline unconfirmed
Normative Docs & Policy Guidance规范性文件
MOE教技〔2018〕3号AI Innovation Action Plan for Higher Education Institutions高等学校人工智能创新行动计划Apr 3, 2018
MOE教师厅〔2018〕7号MOE Notice on Launching AI-Assisted Teacher Development Action Pilot Programme教育部办公厅关于开展人工智能助推教师队伍建设行动试点工作的通知Aug 7, 2018
MOHRSS+SAMR+NBS人社厅发〔2019〕48号Notice on Publishing Occupational Information for AI Engineering Technicians关于发布人工智能工程技术人员等职业信息的通知Apr 1, 2019
NAIGECGovernance Principles for New Generation AI新一代人工智能治理原则Jun 17, 2019
MOST国科发规〔2019〕298号MOST Notice on Issuing Guidelines for National New-Gen AI Innovation Development Pilot Zones关于印发《国家新一代人工智能创新发展试验区建设工作指引》的通知Aug 29, 2019
NFGA林信发〔2019〕105号NFGA Guiding Opinions on Promoting AI Development in Forestry and Grassland国家林业和草原局关于促进林业和草原人工智能发展的指导意见Nov 8, 2019
MOFCOM+MOST商务部 科技部公告2020年第38号China Prohibited/Restricted Technology Export Catalogue (2020; superseded by 2023 version)中国禁止出口限制出口技术目录（2020年版，已废止）Aug 2020
MIIT+MPS+MOT工信部联装〔2018〕66号Connected Vehicle Road Testing Management Specifications (Trial) [superseded by 2021 version]智能网联汽车道路测试管理规范（试行）（已废止）eff. May 2018; superseded Sep 1, 2021
MOE+NDRC+MOF教研〔2020〕4号Opinions on "Double First-Class" Universities Advancing Interdisciplinary AI Graduate Education关于"双一流"建设高校促进学科融合加快人工智能领域研究生培养的若干意见Jan 21, 2020
MOHRSS+SAMR+NBS人社厅发〔2020〕17号Notice on Publishing Occupational Information for Intelligent Manufacturing Engineering Technicians关于发布智能制造工程技术人员等职业信息的通知Feb 25, 2020
SAC+4国标委联〔2020〕35号Guidelines for Building the National New-Gen AI Standards System国家新一代人工智能标准体系建设指南Jul 27, 2020
MOHRSS+MIIT人社厅发〔2021〕10号MOHRSS+MIIT Notice on Promulgating National Skill Standards for Intelligent Manufacturing Engineering Technicians人力资源社会保障部办公厅 工业和信息化部办公厅关于颁布智能制造工程技术人员等国家职业技术技能标准的通知Feb 3, 2021
MIIT工信部信管函〔2021〕18号MIIT Notice on Resolving Difficulties Elderly People Face Using Smart Technology工业和信息化部关于切实解决老年人运用智能技术困难便利老年人使用智能化产品和服务的通知Feb 10, 2021
MIIT+MPS+MOT工信部联通装〔2021〕97号Connected Vehicle Road Testing and Demonstration Application Management Specifications (Trial)!智能网联汽车道路测试与示范应用管理规范（试行）eff. Sep 1, 2021 · supersedes 工信部联装[2018]66号
MOE教师函〔2021〕13号Notice on Implementing the 2nd Batch of AI-Assisted Teacher Development Pilot Programme教育部关于实施第二批人工智能助推教师队伍建设行动试点工作的通知Sep 16, 2021
CAC+8国信办发文〔2021〕7号Guiding Opinions on Strengthening Comprehensive Governance of Internet Information Service Algorithms关于加强互联网信息服务算法综合治理的指导意见Sep 17, 2021
NAIGECEthical Norms for New Generation AI新一代人工智能伦理规范Sep 25, 2021
MOST+5国科发规〔2022〕199号Guiding Opinions on Accelerating AI Application in Scenarios to Drive High-Quality Economic Development关于加快场景创新以人工智能高水平应用促进经济高质量发展的指导意见Aug 12, 2022
MOST国科发规〔2022〕228号MOST Notice on Supporting the Development of New-Gen AI Demonstration Application Scenarios科技部关于支持建设新一代人工智能示范应用场景的通知Aug 15, 2022
MOST+9国科发监〔2023〕167号Measures for Review of S&T Ethics (Trial)科技伦理审查办法（试行）eff. Dec 1, 2023
MOFCOM+MOST商务部 科技部公告2023年第57号China Prohibited/Restricted Technology Export Catalogue (2023)!中国禁止出口限制出口技术目录Dec 21, 2023
MOE教基厅函〔2024〕5号MOE Notice on Publishing the List of Primary and Secondary School AI Education Bases教育部办公厅关于公布中小学人工智能教育基地名单的通知Feb 19, 2024
MCT+4办资源发〔2024〕82号Notice on Issuing the Smart Tourism Innovation and Development Action Plan关于印发《智慧旅游创新发展行动计划》的通知May 6, 2024
NDRC+3发改数据〔2024〕660号Guiding Opinions on Deepening Smart City Development and Advancing Urban Digital Transformation关于深化智慧城市发展推进城市全域数字化转型的指导意见May 20, 2024
MIIT+3工信部联科〔2024〕113号Guidelines for Building the National AI Industry Integrated Standards System (2024 Edition)!国家人工智能产业综合标准化体系建设指南（2024版）Jun 2024
NMPA药监综函〔2024〕313号NMPA Notice on Issuing the List of Typical AI Application Scenarios in Drug Regulation国家药监局综合司关于印发药品监管人工智能典型应用场景清单的通知Jun 19, 2024
MOA农市发〔2024〕4号MOA Notice on Issuing the National Smart Agriculture Action Plan (2024-2028)关于印发《全国智慧农业行动计划（2024—2028年）》的通知Oct 23, 2024
CAC+3Notice on Launching the "Qinglang" Special Campaign on Governance of Typical Algorithm Problems on Online Platforms关于开展"清朗·网络平台算法典型问题治理"专项行动的通知Nov 12, 2024
MIIT+MCA工信厅联通装函〔2025〕212号Notice on Launching Smart Elderly-Care Robot R&D Pairing and Scenario Pilot Programme两部门关于开展智能养老服务机器人结对攻关与场景应用试点工作的通知Jun 9, 2025
CNIPA国知办函服字〔2025〕479号CNIPA Notice on Developing "AI+" Application Scenarios for IP Information Public Services国家知识产权局办公室关于开展"人工智能+"知识产权信息公共服务应用场景建设的通知Jun 30, 2025
MOFCOM+MOST商务部 科技部公告2025年第28号China Prohibited/Restricted Technology Export Catalogue (Revised 2025)!中国禁止出口限制出口技术目录（调整版）Jul 15, 2025
CIETACCIETAC Guidelines for the Use of AI Technology in Arbitration (Trial)中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会关于在仲裁中使用人工智能技术的指引（试行）eff. Jul 18, 2025
CAC+3国信办通字〔2025〕2号Measures for Labeling AI-Generated Synthetic Content [see also GB 45438-2025 implementing standard]人工智能生成合成内容标识办法eff. Sep 1, 2025
NEA国能发科技〔2025〕73号Implementation Opinions on Advancing "AI+" Energy High-Quality Development关于推进"人工智能+"能源高质量发展的实施意见Sep 4, 2025
MOT+6交科技发〔2025〕92号Implementation Opinions on "AI+Transportation"关于"人工智能+交通运输"的实施意见Sep 29, 2025
NDRC+4发改数据〔2025〕1306号Action Plan for Deepening Smart City Development and Advancing Full-Domain Digital Transformation深化智慧城市发展推进全域数字化转型行动计划Oct 14, 2025
SCOGuidelines on the Deployment and Application of Large AI Models in Government Affairs政务领域人工智能大模型部署应用指引Oct 2025
NHC+2国卫办规划发〔2025〕30号Implementation Opinions on Promoting "AI+Healthcare" Applications关于促进和规范"人工智能+医疗卫生"应用发展的实施意见Nov 4, 2025
MIIT工信厅科函〔2025〕427号MIIT Notice on Launching the 2025 AI Industry Innovation Task Open Competition工业和信息化部办公厅关于开展2025年人工智能产业及赋能新型工业化创新任务揭榜挂帅工作的通知Nov 5, 2025
CAAC民航发〔2025〕24号CAAC Notice on Issuing Implementation Opinions on Promoting "AI+Civil Aviation" High-Quality Development中国民用航空局关于印发推动"人工智能+民航"高质量发展实施意见的通知Dec 5, 2025
MIIT工信厅信管〔2025〕76号MIIT Notice on Issuing the Industrial Internet and AI Integrated Empowerment Action Program工业和信息化部办公厅关于印发《工业互联网和人工智能融合赋能行动方案》的通知Jan 7, 2026
MIIT+7工信部联科〔2025〕279号Implementation Opinions on the "AI+Manufacturing" Special Action"人工智能+制造"专项行动实施意见issued Jan 9, 2026
NDRC+4发改法规〔2026〕195号Implementation Opinions on Accelerating AI Adoption in Public Procurement and Bidding国家发展改革委等部门关于加快招标投标领域人工智能推广应用的实施意见Feb 18, 2026
CAC+7国信办通字〔2025〕5号Classification Measures for Network Information Potentially Harmful to Minors可能影响未成年人身心健康的网络信息分类办法eff. Mar 1, 2026
MOT+3交海发〔2026〕15号Smart Shipping 2030 Action Plan智能航运2030行动计划Mar 2026
Technical Standards & Reference Frameworks技术标准与参考框架solid = GB/T · dashed = TC260 framework
PBC · Industry StdJR/T 0221-2021 [not GB/T]Evaluation Specifications for AI Algorithm Financial Applications人工智能算法金融应用评价规范eff. Mar 26, 2021
TC260 · non-GBBasic Security Requirements for GenAI Services [public consultation draft; precursor to TC260-003](征求意见稿)生成式人工智能服务安全基本要求Oct 2023 · precursor to TC260-003 and GB/T 45654
TC260 · non-GBBasic Security Requirements for GenAI Services [TC260 technical guidance; ❗ upgraded from 2023 draft; precursor to GB/T 45654]TC260-003《生成式人工智能服务安全基本要求》!Feb 2024
TC260 · non-GBAI Safety Governance Framework v1.0 [precursor to v2.0]人工智能安全治理框架1.0Sep 9, 2024
MIIT · non-GBGuidelines for Building the MIIT Domain AI Safety Governance Standards System (2025)(draft)工业和信息化领域人工智能安全治理标准体系建设指南（2025）consultation 2025
CAC · GBAI-Generated Synthetic Content Labeling Method [mandatory standard implementing 标识办法]GB 45438—2025 网络安全技术 人工智能生成合成内容标识方法eff. Sep 1, 2025
TC260 · non-GBAI Safety Governance Framework v2.0 [updated version; supersedes v1.0]❗人工智能安全治理框架2.0Sep 2025
TC260 · GB/TSecurity Specifications for GenAI Pre-training and Fine-tuning DataGB/T 45652—2025 网络安全技术 生成式人工智能预训练和优化训练数据安全规范eff. Nov 1, 2025
TC260 · GB/TBasic Security Requirements for GenAI Services [GB/T national standard; ❗ upgrade from TC260-003 technical guidance]!GB/T 45654—2025 网络安全技术 生成式人工智能服务安全基本要求eff. Nov 1, 2025
TC260 · GB/TSecurity Specifications for GenAI Data AnnotationGB/T 45674—2025 网络安全技术 生成式人工智能数据标注安全规范eff. Nov 1, 2025
SAMR+SAC · GBIntelligent and Connected Vehicle — Data Storage System for Automated DrivingGB 44497—2024 智能网联汽车 自动驾驶数据记录系统eff. Jan 1, 2026
TC260 · GB/TSecurity Framework for AI Computing PlatformsGB/T 45958—2025 网络安全技术 人工智能计算平台安全框架eff. Feb 1, 2026
Constitution
NPC/NPCSC Laws
National-Level Policy & Int'l Initiatives
State Council Regulations
Departmental Rules
Local Legislation
Normative Documents
GB/T · GB Standards
TC260 Reference Framework
Standards (classification follows National Standards Information Platform by SAMR · https://openstd.samr.gov.cn/bzgk/gb/):
GB（强制性国家标准）= Mandatory National Standard  ·  GB/T（推荐性国家标准）= Recommended National Standard
GB/Z（指导性技术文件）= Guidance Technical Document  ·  JR/T（金融行业标准）= Financial Industry Standard
Methodology: Most tier classifications are based on official government agency websites (State Council, CAC, SAMR etc.). Regulatory document type follows official numbering conventions: 令号 = departmental rule (T4); 通字 = normative circular (T6).
❗ = regulatory lifecycle transition: draft→finalized · version update (e.g., v1.0→v2.0) · regulatory replacement · policy→standard upgrade  ·  (征求意见稿) = public consultation draft  ·  (disc.) = under discussion  ·  (planned) = announced only
Tag: ≤3 bodies → all listed · >3 → lead+N · order follows official doc header
Document number in italics below tag · Dates = effective date where available; otherwise issuance/adoption/consultation date · 通字 format (国信办通字) = normative circular, not departmental rule; placed in T6
Notes:  T3 注: 国务院意见文件（国发〔〕、国办发〔〕）严格意义上属于规范性文件，但鉴于国务院的政治权威，本矩阵将其与正式行政法规置于同一层级。 | State Council 意见/实施意见 documents are technically normative documents but placed in T3 given the State Council's supreme executive authority. | T4 通字注: 人工智能生成合成内容标识办法 (国信办通字[2025]2号) and 可能影响未成年人身心健康的网络信息分类办法 (国信办通字[2025]5号) use 通字 (circular) format, not ministerial 令, therefore classified as T6 normative documents. | GB 45438-2025 & 标识办法 关系: 标识办法 (T6, eff. Sep 1, 2025) is the regulatory measure mandating AI content labeling; GB 45438-2025 (T7, eff. Sep 1, 2025) is the mandatory national standard specifying the technical labeling method. The standard implements the rule. | 智能网联汽车 2018规范: 工信部联装[2018]66号 superseded by 工信部联通装[2021]97号 (eff. Sep 1, 2021). | T5 杭州条例: Passed Dec 29, 2025; must be approved by Zhejiang Provincial NPC before taking effect. First local legislation focused on embodied intelligence robots. | GenAI Safety Requirements lifecycle chain: 2023 public consultation draft (TC260) → TC260-003 technical guidance (Feb 2024; ❗) → GB/T 45654—2025 national standard (eff. Nov 1, 2025; ❗). Each stage represents an upgrade in formalization and legal authority. | GB/T 45652, 45654, 45674 links: Links updated to SAMR National Standards Information Platform (std.samr.gov.cn). |
Abbreviations: CAC = Cyberspace Administration of China · SC = State Council · SCO = SC General Office · MIIT = Ministry of Industry & IT · MPS = Ministry of Public Security · MOT = Ministry of Transport · SAMR = State Admin. for Market Regulation · MOFCOM = Ministry of Commerce · NDRC = Nat'l Development & Reform Commission · NDA = National Data Administration · NHC = Nat'l Health Commission · NRTA = Nat'l Radio & Television Administration · MOST = Ministry of Science & Technology · SAC = Standardization Admin. of China · TC260 = National Cybersecurity Standards Technical Committee · PBC = People's Bank of China · CMA = China Meteorological Administration · CNIPA = China National Intellectual Property Administration · NEA = National Energy Administration · CIETAC = China Int'l Economic & Trade Arbitration Commission · CPO = CPC Central Office · NAIGEC = National New-Gen AI Governance Expert Committee

Appendix: Institution Abbreviations 机构缩写对照表

Abbrev.English Full Name中文全称
NPCNational People's Congress全国人民代表大会
NPCSCNPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会常务委员会
CPC CCCPC Central Committee中共中央
CPOGeneral Office of the CPC Central Committee中共中央办公厅
SCState Council国务院
SCOGeneral Office of the State Council国务院办公厅
CACCyberspace Administration of China国家互联网信息办公室（网信办）
MIITMinistry of Industry and Information Technology工业和信息化部
MPSMinistry of Public Security公安部
MOTMinistry of Transport交通运输部
MOEMinistry of Education教育部
MOAMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs农业农村部
MOSTMinistry of Science and Technology科学技术部
MOFCOMMinistry of Commerce商务部
NDRCNational Development and Reform Commission国家发展和改革委员会
NHCNational Health Commission国家卫生健康委员会
NRTANational Radio and Television Administration国家广播电视总局
MCTMinistry of Culture and Tourism文化和旅游部
SAMRState Administration for Market Regulation国家市场监督管理总局
SACStandardization Administration of China国家标准化管理委员会（国标委）
TC260National Technical Committee 260 on Cybersecurity Standardization全国网络安全标准化技术委员会（网安标委）
PBCPeople's Bank of China中国人民银行
CMAChina Meteorological Administration中国气象局
CNIPAChina National Intellectual Property Administration国家知识产权局
NDANational Data Administration国家数据局
CASChinese Academy of Sciences中国科学院
CASSChinese Academy of Social Sciences中国社会科学院
CAEChinese Academy of Engineering中国工程院
CASTChina Association for Science and Technology中国科学技术协会
CJSTCCentral Military Commission Science and Technology Commission中央军委科学技术委员会
NAIGECNational New Generation AI Governance Expert Committee (under MOST)国家新一代人工智能治理专业委员会
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